In physics (particularly in electromagnetism) the Lorentz force is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. A particle of charge q moving with velocity v in the presence of an electric field E and a magnetic field B experiences a force. In electromagnetism, charge density is a measure of electric charge per unit volume of space, in one, two or three dimensions. More specifically: the linear, surface, or volume charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit length, surface area, or volume, respectively.

The respective SI units are C·m? C·m? 2 or C·m? 3. Like any density, charge density can depend on position, but charge and thus charge density can be negative. It should not be confused with the charge carrier density, the number of charge carriers (e. In chemistry, it can refer to the charge distribution over the volume of a particle; such as a molecule, atom or ion. Therefore, a lithium cation will carry a higher charge density than a sodium cation due to the lithium cation's having a smaller ionic radius, even though sodium has more protons (1. In geometry, the line element or length element can be informally thought of as a line segment associated with an infinitesimal displacement vector in a metric space.

The length of the line element, which may be thought of as a differential arc length, is a function of the metric tensor and is written ds or d? Line elements are used in physics, especially in theories of gravitation (most notably general relativity) where spacetime is modelled as a curved Riemannian manifold with a metric tensor. In mathematics and physics, the right- hand rule is a common mnemonic for understanding orientation conventions for vectors in three dimensions. Most of the various left and right- hand rules arise from the fact that the three axes of 3- dimensional space have two possible orientations. This can be seen by holding your hands together, palm up, with the fingers curled. If the curl of your fingers represents a movement from the first or X axis to the second or Y axis then the third or Z axis can point either along your left thumb or right thumb.

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In physics (particularly in electromagnetism) the Lorentz force is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. L’umanità si divide in due. L i q u o r W h o l e s a l e r S i n c e 1978. A D E. e pepe Preparazione Infilzate gli scampi e creare quattro.

Left and right- hand rules arise when dealing with co- ordinate axes, rotation, spirals, electromagnetic fields, mirror images and enantiomers in mathematics and chemistry. Watch White House Down Online Etonline.