Catalyst: Chiropractors - ABC TV Sciencedownload segment mp. MB)NARRATIONChiropractic therapy is a modern reinvention of the ancient art of spinal manipulation. In recent times, this practice has become steeped in controversy. Emeritus Professor John Dwyer. Much of modern chiropractic, unfortunately, has descended into the realm of quackery. NARRATIONUniversities are being accused of teaching pseudoscience.

Dr Michael Vagg. It would be misleading to present that to students. Dr Aidan Mc. Guigan. The results are really speaking for themselves. It comes down to 'the proof is in the pudding'.

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Belinda. We've been coming for asthma. Kirbie. A little bit of colic and reflux. NARRATIONThis has the medical fraternity up in arms. Dr Steve Hambleton. Well, this is a great concern of the medical profession, that there are some individuals taking their infants and young children to chiropractors. NARRATIONIt's even created factions within the chiropractic industry.

Dr John Reggars. I am angered and I am embarrassed for the profession. NARRATIONWill chiropractors become the new family doctor, and are they putting our children at risk? Watch The Warlords Putlocker on this page. Dr Maryanne Demasi. Now, most people go to the chiropractor for back pain, and, despite its surging popularity, its proven benefit is fairly limited. A review of spinal manipulation showed that it could alleviate lower back pain, but it was no more effective than heat therapy, or even a good massage. NARRATIONChiropractors have an important role in healthcare when it comes to treating musculoskeletal problems.

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But a new trend is emerging. Emeritus Professor John Dwyer. It's the move into paediatrics, and the enormous number of chiropractors who are trying to set up paediatric clinics and claiming that they can cure a range of paediatric conditions, that is really troublesome.

NARRATIONThere have been reports that chiropractors are the new refuge for a range of health problems, like asthma, colic, reflux and autism. Belinda. Last week, Jade had an asthma attack and I rang quickly, and said, 'Can you fit her in?' And they said yes straightaway. We put her in and it stopped, completely stopped. Dr Maryanne Demasi. Wow. Belinda. She was really.. Gasps wheezily) . Dr Maryanne Demasi.

So, if your girls get sick, do you take them to the GP or the chiropractor first? Helene. My first point of call is always the chiropractor. I didn't like to put drugs into their body if it wasn't necessary. So, that's what I found with a GP, that they were very quick to just - quick - write a script and off they go. I didn't feel as if there was a lot of caring, or individual care at least, with the children.

NARRATIONWhere babies used to be rare patients, they're now common in a number of clinics. Newborns and toddlers make up over a third of this chiropractor's client base.

Man. areas of subluxation that I can feel there that are immediately improved after you adjust it like that. Kirbie. I would definitely send her along to the chiropractor first to see that we couldn't settle her first. I think.. her being a newborn, I think a nice way to approach it is to go as natural as possible, and to give them care that's gentle and.. I think that's more important than sending them along to a GP.

Dr Maryanne Demasi. Were you surprised that they could treat a whole range of medical conditions?

Belinda. Yeah, I've been very surprised, because I wasn't.. I wasn't really expecting the answer to be yes to be able to sort out asthma. Dr Aidan Mc. Guigan. I've witnessed myself and read reports of improvements in colic, bed wetting, asthma. There's a lot of word- of- mouth information that is going around the public that someone's child has been helped in that way.

So they've come to the chiropractor. Dr Maryanne Demasi. Now, you may be wondering how adjusting the spine could possibly help conditions that have nothing to do with the spine.

Well, perhaps a brief history lesson may help explain where this came from. NARRATIONChiropractic therapy was founded in 1. American magnetic healer called 'DD Palmer'. In his building worked a janitor who complained he was hard of hearing. DD Palmer decided to perform an adjustment on the man's spine, and, in a miraculous feat, claimed to have cured him of profound deafness.

Palmer hypothesised that aligning the spine unblocked nerve flow through the body and restored the man's hearing. From this, he proposed that a misaligned spine was the cause of virtually all human ailments.

Dr Maryanne Demasi. Fast forward to today, and the Chiropractic Association still believes that curing deafness with spinal manipulation is plausible. Dr Tony Croke. Well, it makes sense that.. DD did something and his hearing came back.

It would suggest that there was a relationship there. Dr Maryanne Demasi. Between hearing and the spinal column? Dr Tony Croke. Yeah. Yeah. And there are neural pathways that run from where he was supposed to have been adjusted, up into the brain stem, that can impact on function. NARRATIONJohn Cunningham, a spinal expert, disagrees. Mr John Cunningham.

There's no nerves that control hearing that have anything to do with the neck. They all come from the base of the skull, which simply cannot be influenced by any sort of spinal manipulation.

I would have concern over someone's appreciation of anatomy if they were to claim that the middle ear and Eustachian tube is affected in any way by a nerve that comes from the spine. NARRATIONTony Croke explains that even the slightest misalignment in the spine can act like a traffic jam in the central nervous system, and lead to disease. In chiropractic circles, it's called a 'subluxation'. Dr Tony Croke. And so it's not necessarily that you have to compress the nerve root on the way out, but, in fact, the messages coming back in can be distorted because of that static in the nervous system travelling back upward.

Mr John Cunningham(Laughs) I'm sorry. It's just senseless rubbish. Um.. If there is a static, well, why haven't they shown it? If that is the mechanism, they've had all these years to describe it, to..

Why haven't they? NARRATIONDr Michael Vaggr is a pain specialist, and disagrees with the chiropractic theory about traffic jams in the central nervous system. During surgery, he deliberately scrambles the nerve signals to the spine, so that patients can get pain relief. Dr Michael Vagg. We use spinal cord neuromodulators to electrically scramble the information that's going up and down the rear part of the spinal cord. And we see no evidence that that produces anything other than pain relief in most of our patients.

So, I think, those observations are not consistent with the chiropractic view that optimum health depends on there being absolutely no interference with nerve function at all. NARRATIONPaediatrician Michael Fahey says the science doesn't stack up.

Dr Michael Fahey. The idea that there are energy flows up and down the spine that cause disease in organs doesn't fit with our current understanding of science. There's been a number of systematic reviews which examined chiropractic use for things like asthma, colic, bed wetting, ear infections, and don't show that there's any evidence that chiropractic is effective. If we look at the asthma trial, there's only been one done which has been conducted in a rigorous way, and they compared chiropractic therapy to a sham therapy. There was no change when they looked at the outcomes of respiratory function tests, the objective measures.

Man. That's it, let's get to the air flow. NARRATIONExperts say quality of research is lacking.